What are ARM Loans. Variable Rate Loans.
What is an adjustable rate mortgage or what is an ARM loan? Well, as we know, in the last year or so rates have really gone up, interest rates have gone up and still may go up. So many buyers are looking for alternatives to paying the high mortgage rates. That’s when the ARM (adjustable rate mortgage) come in where our rates are lower than your conventional loans and also 75% of all the loans are fixed rates.
But up to 25% percent of the loans are adjustable rate mortgage loans and they are very good if you need to use them. They have their advantages and they have the disadvantages. So let’s talk about what an ARM loan is and the pros and cons of an adjustable rate mortgage. So the question is when do you use an adjustable rate mortgage and why use an adjustable rate mortgage? ARMS usually are mortgage rates where the interest rate is not fixed. That’s a disadvantage of the adjustable rate mortgage rate.
But it’s used when you are unable to get a high interest rate. So let’s say you are buying a house and right now the rates as an example is 6.5% annual percentage rates. And for some reason because you have car loans or other credit card loans or a student loan, you are not qualifying, just barely qualifying with a 6.5% rate. But you really want to buy a house or income property and your lender suggests to you that hey, why don’t you get a 5.5% or 5% adjustable rate mortgage loan where you will qualify temporarily. So that’s an advantage where if you use anadjustable rate mortgage the rate is lower than a conventional mortgage usually, so you can qualify.
The disadvantage is it is not fixed for 30 years. So that means that if you have, let’s say an ARM mortgage loan known as three one or a five one or a five six, what that means is your adjustable rate mortgage is three years fixed and changes every one year on a three one loan. On a five one ARM loan, your mortgage rate is fixed for five years, then it will change every once a year. On a five six for example, your adjustable rate is fixed for five years and that will change every six months.
And these rates, adjustable rate mortgage rates are tied to different indexes and one of the indexes for example, is a prime rate or a cpi which is a consumer price index. So as the cpi or the prime or whatever index your loan is tied to increases, your rates go up and if it decreases, your rates go down. The advantage of a fixed rate mortgage is that your payments are fixed, they are predictable and you have a stable payment for the next 30 years. The disadvantage of an adjustable rate mortgage is if you have a loan for five one, your rate will be fixed for five years. But then you don’t know how high your rate may go up because it changes every year.
After that, it could go down, but in the long run, it could go up. The best thing to do is if your rates go too high. And at that time, let’s say you went from 5% rate for the first five years and it jumped to 8%, which has happened many times, and it happens all the time, jumps to eight or nine or ten percent, then your payment almost doubles, or more than 1.5 times your payments, depending on the rates. Then at that time you can adjust or refinance your loan to a fixed rate or a different kind of adjustable rate. But that I’m not going to get into details. By the way, I’m not a lender.So if you have any specific questions,talk to a lender who’s certified to do loans.
I’m just giving you general information on what an ARM loan is because as a realtor, a lot of the buyers come to me and they want to buy a house, but they can’t qualify. And we suggest that there are conventional loans, fixed rate and adjustable rate loans. So you have an option. So I don’t want to talk too much details on it, but wanted to give you a basic idea of what an ARM is. So let’s continue.
The other advantage of using an ARM loan, adjustable rate mortgage loan is let’s say you already have a house and you are trying to buy income property, or you have a house and you have income properties and you want to buy more income properties. Of course it’s always advantageous to buy a fixed rate mortgage because your rates are going to be the same. So if you buy, let’s say a rental home and you buy a fixed rate mortgage at 5% and your payment is $3000 a month. So for the next 30 years, your payment is going to be $3000 a month regardless of the changes in the rates on the market. Because your rate is fixed, but the option to use or when would you use an ARM in this situation?
Let’s say I already have one property, my house, and I already have another rental property and I want to buy another one because I have some down payment. But because I have two mortgage payments, I have a credit card payments, I have a car payment, I’m not able to qualify for a fixed rate, let’s say 6.5 in today’s market. So I could opt to go on a three one or a five one or a ten one, where the rate could be 4% or 5% for the first five years. And I may consider, you know what, let me get this house, at least I can qualify and buy it because I have the down payment, I have a good job, I have good income, but in five years, if I wait, I may not be able to buy. So if I buy the house now or the rental property now, and as long as I know that I can refinance before the five years where the rate is probably going to go up. So then I have the good option.
So adjustable rates are good for short term, not for long term. If you want to buy something for long term, we recommend that you buy on the basis of a fixed rate mortgage for the next 30 years your payment is fixed. But if you can’t qualify or circumstances are that you have to get a fixed adjustable rate mortgage which is fixed for five years or three years or ten years, then opt for that, knowing that sooner or later you’re going to have to refinance or get another loan. The other thing you may want to check with your lender is that you may not be able to refinance right away. Some of the lenders have pre payment penalties so they may say, hey, you cannot refinance for the first year or second year.
But there’s all minor details that you should know. That’s why I recommend you talk to a lender. But if you’re in a situation, then this is a good time to get an adjustable rate mortgage loan should you need to.